Saturday, August 29, 2020

Python - Transpose Dataframe Columns into Rows

Today, I was working with Python where I have to transpose some columns into rows to avoid a lot of calculations. As we know that Python has a lot of libraries and very strong communities support. That means, you can solve any problems with your dataset.

Here, I’m using a small dataset to show you that how can we use pandas library to transpose your dataframe.

In this example, I’m using class student’s dataset where each student has their subject in the columns with their obtained marks.

Now, we have to transpose subject columns into rows in the ‘Subject’ column and marks will be display in Marks column next to Subject within dataset-2.

Pandas melt() function is used to change the DataFrame format from wide to long. It’s used to create a specific format of the DataFrame object where one or more columns work as identifiers. All the remaining columns are treated as values and unpivoted to the row axis and only two columns — variable and value.

Here, we can see that with the help of Pandas library, we can transpose our dataset into the desired results.

 

#import Libraries

import pandas as pd

# Creating DataFrame from dict of narray/lists. intialise data of lists

list={'Name':['Ryan','Arjun','john','Rosy'],

     'Class':['IV','III','III','V'],    

     'English':[90,85,90,95],

     'Math':[95,90,85,80],

     'Science':[95,90,90,90],

     'Computer':[98,95,90,85],

     'Year':[2020,2020,2020,2020]}

 

# Create DataFrame from list/narray

df=pd.DataFrame(list)

 

#show data in the dataframe

df

======================================================

Name | Class | Year| English | Math |Science |Computer

------------------------------------------------------

Ryan |IV              | 2020 |               90           | 95          | 95     |98

Arjun|III              | 2020 |               85           | 90          | 90     |95

John |III               | 2020 |               90           | 85          | 90     |90

Rosy |V                | 2020 |               95           | 80          | 90     |85

======================================================

 

 

# function to unpivot the dataframe

df3=df.melt(['Name','Class','Year'], var_name='Subject')

 

#show data in the dataframe

df3

=======================================

  |Name | Class | Year|Subject  |value

---------------------------------------

0 |Ryan |  IV   |2020 |Computer| 98

1 |Arjun|  III  |2020 |Computer| 95

2 |john |  III  |2020 |Computer| 90

3 |Rosy |  V    |2020 |Computer| 85

4 |Ryan |  IV   |2020 |English | 90

5 |Arjun|  III  |2020 |English | 85

6 |john |  III  |2020 |English | 90

7 |Rosy |  V    |2020 |English | 95

8 |Ryan |  IV   |2020 |Math    | 95

9 |Arjun|  III  |2020 |Math    | 90

10|john |  III  |2020 |Math    | 85

11|Rosy |  V    |2020 |Math    | 80

12|Ryan |  IV   |2020 |Science | 95

13|Arjun|  III  |2020 |Science | 90

14|john |  III  |2020 |Science | 90

15|Rosy |  V    |2020 |Science | 90

=======================================

 

 

#rename value columns to Marks

df3=df3.rename(columns = {'value': 'Marks'}, inplace = False)

 

#show data in the dataframe

df3

=======================================

  |Name | Class | Year|Subject  |Marks

---------------------------------------

0 |Ryan |  IV   |2020 |Computer| 98

1 |Arjun|  III  |2020 |Computer| 95

2 |john |  III  |2020 |Computer| 90

3 |Rosy |  V    |2020 |Computer| 85

4 |Ryan |  IV   |2020 |English | 90

5 |Arjun|  III  |2020 |English | 85

6 |john |  III  |2020 |English | 90

7 |Rosy |  V    |2020 |English | 95

8 |Ryan |  IV   |2020 |Math    | 95

9 |Arjun|  III  |2020 |Math    | 90

10|john |  III  |2020 |Math    | 85

11|Rosy |  V    |2020 |Math    | 80

12|Ryan |  IV   |2020 |Science | 95

13|Arjun|  III  |2020 |Science | 90

14|john |  III  |2020 |Science | 90

15|Rosy |  V    |2020 |Science | 90

=======================================

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